Bài viết Fact or opinion? – Change Factory thuộc chủ đề về
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“Fact or opinion? – Change Factory”
Do you deal in facts? Or do you often unknowingly deal in
opinion? Recognising the difference between fact and opinion is
important in managing your team, your own life and your
relationships with people.
There are several ways of defining fact and opinion. Each
is useful in its own right in different contexts.
The simplest differentiation is as follows:
FACT: something that is known to be
true and cannot be questioned. Expressing a fact involves stating
the truth or saying what is real.
OPINION: a personal view about what
someone thinks of something. It is a view based on belief rather
than absolute evidence.
These definitions are useful to remind ourselves of what
we do and do not really know when we are managing, or are involved
in, a conflict.
For example, if someone has told you that they saw an
employee doing something wrong, the fact is that someone told you
that they saw the employee doing something wrong. It is not an
established fact that the employee did something wrong. If three
independent people told you the same thing the fact is that the
same story has been corroborated by three people.
It is important when managing conflict that we only deal
in facts. Dealing in opinion dressed up as facts can easily result
in a lack of trust. Dependent on the nature of the opinion we can
also be seen as being judgemental. Being perceived to be
judgemental in a conflict signals the demise of the perception of
us appreciating both sides of an argument.
Another set of definitions delineates fact and opinion
based on the source of the information.
EXTERNAL FACT: Quantitative
information gathered from external sources such as government
economic data, bureau of statistics tables, customs import data,
quantitative research.
INTERNAL FACT: Quantitative
information gathered from internal organisation reports such as
finance reports, sales reports, manufacturing reports and audit
data.
EXTERNAL OPINION: Qualitative
information gathered from external sources such as qualitative
research, conclusions from academic research, the opinions of
distributors and customers and conclusions from industry
research.
INTERNAL OPINION: Qualitative
information gathered from internal sources such as a brainstorming
session, conclusions from internal reports and the CEO’s
view!
These definitions are useful when conducting an analysis
of your organisation, for example, during a market sector review, a
cost review or a strategy review.
Generally, the hierarchy of relevance of the information
is External Fact >> Internal Fact >> External Opinion
>> Internal Opinion. However, be cautious. Relying too much
on internal opinion will weaken the analysis. Relying too much on
external facts will make the review too mechanistic, not taking
into account the reality of the culture and processes of the
organisation. It is best to have a mix of source types of data
looking for corroboration of information rather than relying on one
source type.
Another set of definitions of fact and opinion which is
useful to understand is:
FACT: Something which can be
verified. This may include corroborated opinions of three or more
people of what they saw or heard.
INFERRED FACT: Information
determined by deductive reasoning from a set of verified facts. For
example, “The cherry crop needs at least a week of freezing
temperatures for best results, and this winter the temperature
stayed several degrees above freezing, so we do not expect a good
cherry crop”.
SPECULATION: Information determined
by inductive reasoning from a set of verified facts. For example,
“For university students, your first quiz grade usually indicates
how you will do in the course”.
OPINION: Something which is an
unverified view of one person.
These definitions are useful when completing an
investigation. For example, investigating a safety incident
requires diligent separation of facts, inferred facts, speculation
and opinion when trying to determine the root causes of the
incident.
Any study of cause and effect needs to take heed of these
defined differences between fact and opinion. Most analysis I have
seen of an organisation’s current state have relied heavily on
speculation and opinion rather than facts and inferred
facts.
The worst example I saw was an analysis of deteriorating
profit margins in large contracts for commodity products which
concluded that the market was getting more competitive and that a
severe cost cutting programme was required. The fact was that all
large contracts had been written with a fixed dollar value for
world scale freight (sea freight costs) instead of a value which
escalated and de-escalated in line with actual movements. During
the time that the study reviewed, the value of world scale freight
trebled. This fact was not revealed by the study. The solution to
the problem of deteriorating margins was to renegotiate contracts,
not instigate a slashing of marketing investments and significant
rolling job losses taking out its core of experienced and
technically competent people.
The organisation involved has never recovered from that
very poor analysis where opinion and speculation ruled over
facts.
Các câu hỏi về factual là gì
Nếu có bắt kỳ câu hỏi thắc mắt nào vê factual là gì hãy cho chúng
mình biết nhé, mõi thắt mắt hay góp ý của các bạn sẽ giúp mình cải
thiện hơn trong các bài sau nhé <3 Bài viết factual là gì ! được
mình và team xem xét cũng như tổng hợp từ nhiều nguồn. Nếu thấy bài
viết factual là gì Cực hay ! Hay thì hãy ủng hộ team Like hoặc
share. Nếu thấy bài viết factual là gì rât hay ! chưa hay, hoặc cần
bổ sung. Bạn góp ý giúp mình nhé!!
Các Hình Ảnh Về factual là gì
Các hình ảnh về factual là gì đang được chúng mình Cập nhập. Nếu
các bạn mong muốn đóng góp, Hãy gửi mail về hộp thư
[email protected] Nếu có bất kỳ đóng góp hay liên hệ. Hãy Mail
ngay cho tụi mình nhé
Tham khảo thêm báo cáo về factual là gì tại WikiPedia
Bạn hãy xem thêm thông tin về
factual là gì từ web
Wikipedia tiếng Việt.◄ Tham Gia Cộng Đồng Tại
💝 Nguồn Tin tại:
https://hangnhatcaocap.com.vn/
💝 Xem Thêm Chủ Đề Liên Quan tại :
https://hangnhatcaocap.com.vn/wiki-hoi-dap/